Concentration assays for Nickel and Cobalt / Calcium and magnesium

 

1.  Nickel and Cobalt

 

 

Nickel (Ni++) and cobalt (Co++) are essential metal ions in biological systems. Many enzymes such as methionine aminopeptidase and glucose isomerase contain cobalt. Some other enzymes such as ureases from bacteria and plants use nickel as a cofactor. Synthesis of Ni / Co enzymes and coenzyme B12 requires high-affinity uptake of the metal ions from natural environments. In bacteria, Ni and Co uptake is mediated by secondary transporters and ATPbinding cassette systems. Understanding the differences between cobalt and nickel transporters might lead to drug development for gastritis and peptic ulceration. 

The NanoMolar Nickel / Cobalt Assay Kit is for measurement of nanomolar concentrations of nickel or cobalt (1nM – 200 nM). 

The assay is based on the principle that binding the fluorescence dye NMA with nickel or cobalt ions results in decrease of the fluorescence intensity (emission 535 nm, excitation 485 nm). Other metal ions including Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Al3+, Cu2+ and Ag+ give much lower assay sensitivity. Chelators such EDTA and thiol compounds bind strongly some of the metal ions and should be avoided in the assay.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NanoMolar Nickel / Cobalt Assay Kit (Catalog No. NMA1000)

Kit components: 330μl 100 x NMA dye.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.  Calcium and magnesium

 

 

Calcium (Ca2+) or Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential metal ion in biological systems. These divalent ions are also common components in biochemical buffers and pharmaceutical products. The MicroMolar Calcium / Magnesium Assay Kit is for measurement of micromolar concentrations of calcium, and magnesium (10 μM – 120 μM). The assay may also be used todetect other divalent metal ions. 

The assay is based on the complex formation of the divalent metal ion with the assay reagent that results in reduction of the fluorescence intensity (emission 535 nm, excitation 485 nm). Chelators such EDTA and thiol compounds bind divalent ions and should be avoided in the assay. The assay is compatible with HEPES buffer, low concentrations of non-ionic detergent (<0.01%), Tris-HCl (<10 mM), and phosphate (< 1 mM). It is not compatible with thiol compounds such as DTT, 2-mercaptoethanol or cysteine. It is interfered by divalent metal ions such as Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Hg2+and Zn2+. For specific assays of transitional metal ions such as Cu2+and Zn2+, please visit http://www.profoldin.com/concentration.html.

 

The assay kit can be used for measurements calcium or magnesium concentrations in buffer samples or pharmaceutical products.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The MicroMolar Calcium / Magnesium Assay Kit (Catalog No DMA200) 

Includes 200 μl of 100 x C56 dye and 1000 μl of 10 x Reagent E and 50 μl of CaCl2. It is for measurement of 200 samples using 96-well plates. Cuvettes may also be used for measurements.